Consider the following subjects under the Constitution of India:

• 1. List I—Union List, in the Seventh Schedule
• 2. Extent of the executive power of a State
• 3. Conditions of the Governor’s office

For a constitutional amendment with respect to which of the above, ratification by the Legislatures of not less than one-half of the States is required before presenting the bill to the President of India for assent? [UPSC CSP 2025]