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Uttar Pradesh: Capital, Government, and India’s Most Populous State

If Uttar Pradesh were its own country, it would be the world’s fifth most populous. Only China, India, the US, and Indonesia have more people.

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Uttar Pradesh

5th

Most populous country in the world, if Uttar Pradesh were counted on its own

Capital: Lucknow. Took its present name on 26 January 1950.

CM since Mar 2017

Yogi Adityanath

Current Chief Minister, as of 2026; current term since March 2022.

Governor since Jul 2019

Anandiben Patel

Current Governor, as of 2026; 20th Governor of UP.

Most Populous State

~241 Million

More people than Brazil or Pakistan.

Sacred Geography

Ayodhya, Varanasi, Prayagraj

Ram Mandir consecrated 2024; Maha Kumbh 2025 drew 660M+ people.

📑 Contents

Uttar Pradesh's capital is Lucknow.
The state took its present name on 26 January 1950, when India became a republic. It was earlier called the United Provinces.
As of 2026, the Chief Minister is Yogi Adityanath of the BJP. He first took office on 19 March 2017, and began his current term on 25 March 2022.
The Governor is Anandiben Patel, the 20th Governor of Uttar Pradesh, in office since 29 July 2019.

Uttar Pradesh lies in North India, covering about 243,286 square kilometres.
It is India's most populous state, with an estimated population of about 241 million people in 2025.
If Uttar Pradesh were an independent country, it would rank as the world's fifth most populous. Only China, India, the United States, and Indonesia have more people.
The state has more people than all of Brazil or Pakistan.
Agra's Taj Mahal, a UNESCO World Heritage Site, is one of Uttar Pradesh's most visited monuments.

Varanasi, one of the world's oldest continuously inhabited cities, is considered the holiest city in Hinduism.
Ayodhya's Ram Mandir was consecrated on 22 January 2024, with Prime Minister Narendra Modi presiding.
Prayagraj hosted the Maha Kumbh Mela in 2025, drawing more than 660 million people over 45 days. This was the largest human gathering ever recorded.
Uttar Pradesh's sheer population and its concentration of major religious sites give it an outsized role in both India's politics and its religious life.

In July 2026, the Union Cabinet approved a Greenfield Ganga Elevated Corridor in Varanasi. It is a 46.039 km, six-lane, high-speed corridor, at a capital cost of ₹14,447.64 crore.
The corridor connects NH-19 to the Varanasi Ring Road (NH-135B). It links NH-19, the Ring Road, Ramnagar, Banaras Hindu University (BHU), and Kashi Railway Station.
An elevated spur between BHU/Lanka and Samne Ghat is designed to ease congestion at Lanka Junction, one of the city's most crowded points.
Key structures include a 910-metre cable-stayed bridge across the Ganga, and a 1.32 km extradosed Foot Over Bridge-cum-Major Bridge with travelators. This gives pedestrians direct access to the Kashi Vishwanath Temple.
Built for 80-100 km/h operating speed, the corridor is expected to cut average travel time in the project area from about 60 minutes to about 20 minutes, a roughly 67% reduction. Travel time from NH-19 to Kashi Railway Station should fall from about 50 minutes to about 25 minutes.
The project is aligned with the PM Gati Shakti National Master Plan. It integrates with Lal Bahadur Shastri International Airport and the Ramnagar IWAI Inland Waterways Terminal. Varanasi draws more than 15 crore tourists and pilgrims a year.