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What distinguishes ‘jati’ from ‘varna’ in the historical evolution of this system?

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1. What distinguishes ‘jati’ from ‘varna’ in the historical evolution of this system?

Jati refers to the many actual hereditary groups; varna is the four-fold textual category

Jati is a Vedic term, and varna is a later Dharmashastra term

They are simply two different words for the same exact thing

Jati refers only to occupations, and varna only to religious roles

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