Indian Geography Mixed Practice — MCQs with Answers (Set 17)

Classification rests on multiple factors together: climate, physiognomy, species composition, phenology, topography, soil, altitude, aspect, and biotic influence.

The six broader categories are Moist Tropical, Dry Tropical, Montane Subtropical, Montane Temperate, Sub-Alpine, and Alpine Scrub.

The classification divides Indian forests into 16 major type groups, further split into about 221 sub-types.

Foresters H.G. Champion and S.K. Seth published A Revised Survey of the Forest Types of India in 1968.

When such a lake bursts suddenly, it is called a Glacial Lake Outburst Flood, or GLOF. India has 5,764 known glacial lakes, and 188 are considered potentially dangerous.

Between 1935 and 2022, Gangotri Glacier’s snout pulled back by about 1,727 metres in total, roughly 20 metres a year in recent measurements.

Yamunotri Glacier, also called Champasar Glacier, sits on the Bandarpunch massif and is the source of the Yamuna river.

Scientists still debate whether the Chicxulub asteroid impact or Deccan volcanism caused the mass extinction, since both occurred at nearly the same time.

Weathering of Deccan Traps basalt over millions of years produced the fertile Black (Regur) Soil found across much of the Deccan Plateau.

Eruption began around 66 million years ago, right at the K-Pg boundary, between the Cretaceous and Paleogene periods.

The Deccan Traps originally covered about 1.5 million sq km, before erosion reduced their visible extent to roughly 500,000 sq km today.

The rupture ran about 1,200 km, from off Sumatra into the Andaman segment, pushing the seafloor up by as much as 10 metres and displacing huge volumes of water, which triggered the tsunami.

Moving from the trench eastward, the Andaman and Nicobar Islands are the visible, above-water peaks of the island arc.

The Andaman Trench forms where the Indian Plate subducts, or slides beneath, the Burma microplate.

Sind Sagar Doab, between the Indus and Jhelum rivers, is the largest and most rugged of the five, with poor, semi-arid soil that sharply limits cultivation — a sharp contrast to Bist Doab’s rich farmland.

Bist Doab, between the Beas and Sutlej rivers, is also called Doaba, and it is Punjab’s Green Revolution heartland.

‘Punjab’ comes from ‘panj’ (five) and ‘ab’ (water), meaning ‘land of five waters,’ after its five rivers.

Doab comes from Persian: ‘do’ means two, and ‘ab’ means water — a tract of land between two rivers.

The correct answer is About 4.25 metres. A survey concluded that the southern end of Great Nicobar subsided by this much in 2004. The lighthouse tower there now stands with 4.25 m under the sea. The other options are far from the measured value. Memory hook: 2004 sank the south by 4.25 m.

The correct answer is Sir Creek. Guhar Moti lies in Kutch, Gujarat, close to the creek. Sir Creek is a 96-km tidal estuary between Gujarat and Sindh. It was left out when a tribunal settled the wider Rann of Kutch dispute. Siachen is in the north. The McMahon Line is in the east. The Radcliffe Line near Punjab is a different border. Memory hook: west ends at the creek.

The correct answer is China and Myanmar. Kibithu is a town in the Anjaw district of Arunachal Pradesh. Sources call it India’s easternmost point, though that status is disputed. The tri-junction is with China and Myanmar. Bhutan, Nepal and Bangladesh do not meet there. Memory hook: east means China plus Myanmar.

The correct answer is Indira Point. It lies at the southern tip of Great Nicobar Island. Kanyakumari is only the southern tip of the mainland. Port Blair, Car Nicobar and Havelock are not the southernmost point. Memory hook: mainland south is Kanyakumari; overall south is Indira Point.

Indira Col, the northernmost point under India’s control, is a mountain pass in the Karakoram Range, near the Siachen Glacier. India’s official northern limit lies further north, in Gilgit-Baltistan, which Pakistan occupies illegally.

The correct answer is It raises the risk of ‘hydro-leverage’, control over downstream flow during droughts or floods. China and India have no bilateral treaty on sharing river water. Deccan Herald notes India fears Beijing could use control of the flow during conflicts. The other options are not real effects of a missing treaty. Memory hook: no treaty, no guard.