Indian Geography Mixed Practice — MCQs with Answers (Set 20)

Vembanad became a Ramsar wetland site in 2002, ranking as the second-largest Ramsar site in India after the Sundarbans.

The correct answer is To keep saltwater and tidal flow out of the low-lying Kuttanad farmlands. The barrage was built in stages from 1976. It split the lake into a fresher south and a saltier north. It also hurt fish movement. It does not make power, mark a state border or serve boat races. Memory hook: the bund blocks the sea from the paddy.

The Thanneermukkom Bund is a 1,252-metre barrier, operational since 1976, that splits Vembanad Lake into a freshwater section and a brackish, saltwater section.

Vembanad Lake is India’s longest lake, running about 96 kilometres across Alappuzha, Kottayam, and Ernakulam districts.

Nalabana Bird Sanctuary is a 15-square-kilometre mudflat at Chilika’s core, hosting over 400,000 migratory birds each winter.

Chilika Lake was removed from the Montreux Record in 2002, becoming the first Ramsar site in Asia to achieve that turnaround.

Heavy siltation had choked Chilika’s sea mouth by the early 1990s, placing it on the Montreux Record; opening a new mouth in September 2000 restored tidal flow and salinity balance.

The Chilika Development Authority says Chilika has the largest group of the endangered Irrawaddy dolphin habitat. The Odisha government also lists Irrawaddy dolphins as a major attraction at Satapada.

Chilika is the largest brackish water lagoon in Asia. It lies on the east coast of India, across the Puri, Khurda and Ganjam districts of Odisha.

Many Purvanchal communities practise jhum, or shifting, cultivation: farming a plot for a few years before moving on and letting it recover.

Saramati, at roughly 3,826 metres, is the highest peak in the entire Purvanchal system, located on the Nagaland-Myanmar border.

The Eastern Syntaxial Bend is a sharp hairpin bend where the Himalaya turns sharply south, occurring near the Dihang Gorge, marking the start of the Purvanchal Hills.

The Purvanchal’s main components are the Patkai Hills, Naga Hills, Manipur Hills, and Mizo Hills.

The Purvanchal Hills form the easternmost extension of the Himalaya, beginning where it bends sharply south near the Dihang Gorge.

The Chota Nagpur Plateau is home to Santhal, Munda, Oraon, Ho, and Kharia communities; its overlap with mineral wealth has repeatedly driven land, displacement, and mining-rights debates.

Singhbhum’s iron-ore deposits on the Chota Nagpur Plateau feed major steel towns including Jamshedpur (Tata Steel) and Bokaro (Bokaro Steel Plant).

IGNOU’s geography block calls the Chota Nagpur Plateau the Ruhr of India. The Ruhr is a resource-rich region of Germany.

The Damodar valley holds major resources of Gondwana coal. Jharia, Raniganj and Bokaro are important coalfields. The Damodar flows on the eastern edge of the Chotanagpur Plateau.

The Chota Nagpur Plateau is built from Precambrian rocks, among the oldest on Earth, rich in coal, iron ore, mica, and bauxite.

The borders of Pakistan, India, China, Afghanistan, and Tajikistan all converge within the Karakoram mountain system.

The Karakoram anomaly refers to Karakoram glaciers staying stable or even growing for decades despite global warming, now credited to a seasonal atmospheric vortex that brings heavier winter snowfall to offset summer melt.

The Karakoram is the most heavily glaciated part of the world outside the polar regions, with 28 to 50 percent of its area under ice.

K2 is 8,611 m high. It is the highest peak of the Karakoram Range and the second-highest mountain in the world.

Darwin’s subsidence theory holds that a fringing reef forms around a volcanic island; as the island slowly sinks, coral growth keeps pace, eventually leaving a ring-shaped atoll reef around a lagoon once the island is fully submerged.