Three thinkers reshaped how we understand the hidden forces behind human behaviour, from the unconscious mind to the collective economy.
✊ Must Know
1. Freud, Jung, and Keynes
- Freud’s Theory Sigmund Freud developed psychoanalysis, arguing much human behaviour is driven by unconscious desires and early childhood experiences. His structural model divided the psyche into the id, ego, and superego, representing instinct, reason, and internalized moral standards.
- Jung’s Theory Carl Jung, initially a Freud collaborator, later broke away, developing concepts like the collective unconscious and archetypes shared across cultures. His ideas influenced fields well beyond psychology, including literature, mythology studies, and religious thought.
- Keynesian Theory John Maynard Keynes argued government spending could and should actively manage economic cycles, especially during downturns and depressions.
📘 Good to Know
2. Market Self-Correction, the Freud-Jung Split, and the Great Depression
- Instead Keynesian economics directly challenged the idea that markets always self-correct efficiently without government intervention.
- Freud-Jung Split Freud and Jung’s eventual split reflected deeper theoretical disagreements over the nature and content of the unconscious mind.
- Policy Influence Keynes’s ideas heavily influenced government economic policy responses to the Great Depression and later 20th-century recessions.
💎 Great to Know
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