The age of about 3,497 million years for the Bhitardari chert was found by uranium-lead dating of which mineral?

Zircon. Zircon traps uranium when it forms. The uranium slowly turns into lead at a known rate. Four of eight zircons gave an age of 3,497 million years. Read more: IndGeo0167 — Singhbhum Craton: Where India Keeps Earth’s Oldest Life.

Which carbon clue suggests that the carbon in an ancient rock was made by living cells?

It is rich in carbon-12. Living cells prefer the lighter carbon-12. So carbon made by life has extra carbon-12 compared with carbon-13. Read more: IndGeo0167 — Singhbhum Craton: Where India Keeps Earth’s Oldest Life.

Which one of the following is NOT one of India's major Archaean cratons?

Vindhyan. India's five main Archaean cratons are Dharwar, Bastar, Singhbhum, Bundelkhand and Aravalli. The Vindhyan is a much younger rock system, not a craton. Read more: IndGeo0167 — Singhbhum Craton: Where India Keeps Earth’s Oldest Life.

The Singhbhum Craton spans parts of which two states?

Jharkhand and Odisha. The Singhbhum Craton is an ancient block of crust in eastern India. It spans parts of Jharkhand and Odisha. Read more: IndGeo0167 — Singhbhum Craton: Where India Keeps Earth’s Oldest Life.

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Consider the following statements about the Bhitardari chert reported in August 2026: 1. It lies in the Singhbhum Craton. 2. Its age was found by dating the chert itself directly. 3. Its authors call it the oldest directly dated rock with a confirmed biosignature. Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

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