The 3.6m Devasthal Optical Telescope, India's largest optical telescope, is located in which state?

Uttarakhand. Uttarakhand is the answer. The 3.6 metre telescope stands at Devasthal in Nainital district. The site lies in the Kumaun Himalayas at 2,450 metres. ARIES runs the observatory. Himachal Pradesh, Ladakh and Sikkim do not host it. Memory hook: Devasthal means Nainital, which means Uttarakhand. Read more: Bhaskara-I and Bhaskara-II, CDS II 2022 GK Paper, ISRO.

What share of the Devasthal Optical Telescope's observing time is reserved for Belgium?

7 per cent. Seven per cent is the answer. Belgium's science policy office put 2 million euros into the build. In return, 7 per cent of the time goes to projects led by Belgian astronomers. India holds the other 93 per cent. Memory hook: 2 million euros buys 7 per cent. Read more: Bhaskara-I and Bhaskara-II, CDS II 2022 GK Paper, ISRO.

The Devasthal Optical Telescope was activated remotely in March 2016 by the Prime Ministers of India and which country?

Belgium. Belgium is the answer. Narendra Modi and Belgium's Charles Michel did it together from Brussels. Belgian firms had built the optics with India. The other countries were not partners in the DOT. Memory hook: AMOS is Belgian, so the partner is Belgium. Read more: Bhaskara-I and Bhaskara-II, CDS II 2022 GK Paper, ISRO.

Which Belgian firm built the optics of the Devasthal Optical Telescope with Indian partners?

AMOS. AMOS is the answer. Its full name is Advanced Mechanical and Optical Systems. The Liege Space Centre also took part in the build. Airbus, Thales Alenia Space and Zeiss are not named as builders. Memory hook: AMOS made the DOT's optics. Read more: Bhaskara-I and Bhaskara-II, CDS II 2022 GK Paper, ISRO.

What forms the main mirror of the International Liquid Mirror Telescope?

A spinning dish of liquid mercury. A spinning dish of liquid mercury is the answer. The spin makes the liquid curve into a parabola. That is the right shape to focus light. A thin mylar film protects the mercury from wind. Memory hook: liquid mirror means mercury. Read more: Bhaskara-I and Bhaskara-II, CDS II 2022 GK Paper, ISRO.

In which direction does the International Liquid Mirror Telescope always point?

At the zenith, straight overhead. The zenith is the answer. A liquid mirror cannot be tilted. So the telescope always looks straight up. The Earth's spin carries a strip of sky across it each night. Memory hook: liquid cannot tilt, so it looks up. Read more: Bhaskara-I and Bhaskara-II, CDS II 2022 GK Paper, ISRO.

Which institute runs the Devasthal Observatory?

ARIES, Nainital. ARIES is the answer. Its full name is the Aryabhatta Research Institute of Observational Sciences. It is an autonomous institute under the Department of Science and Technology. It is based in Nainital. The other institutes run other observatories. Memory hook: ARIES runs Devasthal. Read more: Bhaskara-I and Bhaskara-II, CDS II 2022 GK Paper, ISRO.

When did the International Liquid Mirror Telescope at Devasthal achieve first light?

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