Akbar's policy of 'Sulh-i-Kul' ('universal peace/reconciliation') is best described as?

A doctrine of religious tolerance and peaceful coexistence among all faiths. Sulh-i-Kul means universal peace. It was Akbar's policy of treating people of every faith with fairness. NCERT quotes Jahangir saying the road to intolerance was closed. It was also a practical way to govern a mixed empire.

A Mughal officer held a rank of 1,000 zat and 500 sawar. What did the sawar figure show?

The number of horsemen he had to maintain. Sawar was the horsemen rank. It showed the cavalry the officer had to maintain. Zat was the personal rank that fixed pay and standing. The two-number form became usual from about 1595.

What did the dahsala settlement of 1580 fix as the state's land revenue demand?

One-third of the average produce of the previous ten years, paid in cash. The dahsala settlement used a ten-year average of produce and prices. The demand was about one-third of that average, paid in cash. This gave farmers a steadier bill than a yearly assessment. NCERT, quoting the Ain-i-Akbari, also gives one-third of the medium produce.

Which minister, who earlier served under Sher Shah Suri, is credited with Akbar's dahsala revenue settlement?

Raja Todar Mal. Raja Todar Mal was Akbar's revenue minister, says NCERT Class 7. The dahsala settlement is credited to him. He earlier served as a revenue officer under Sher Shah Suri.

Which ruler of Amber offered his daughter in marriage to Akbar in 1562?

Raja Bharmal of Amber. Raja Bharmal of Amber, also called Bihari Mal, offered his eldest daughter. The wedding took place at Sambar in 1562. NCERT says Jahangir's mother was a princess of Amber.

In 1585 Akbar left Fatehpur Sikri to deal with threats in the north-west. Where did he move his capital?

Lahore. Akbar moved the capital to Lahore in 1585. He went to fight the Afghan tribes of the north-west. It was not Delhi, and it was not a move back to Agra. One academic chapter says he returned to Agra in 1599.

Which court historian of Akbar wrote the Ain-i-Akbari?

Abul Fazl. Abul Fazl wrote the Ain-i-Akbari. NCERT Class 7 calls it the third volume of his Akbar Nama. It records administration, army, revenues and geography.

In 1576, Maharana Pratap of Mewar fought Akbar’s general at Haldighati. Who was the general?

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