Indian Polity and Constitution Mixed Practice — MCQs with Answers (Set 29)

Article 31A was inserted mainly to protect zamindari-abolition and land-reform laws from being struck down.

The Court upheld the 24th Amendment but created the “basic structure” doctrine, limiting how far amendments can go.

The doctrine of eclipse applies only to pre-Constitution laws under Article 13(1), which stay dormant rather than void.

The 24th Amendment added Article 13(4), declaring amendments are not “law” for Article 13’s purpose, reversing Golak Nath.

NHRC’s notice sought a detailed report from the Madhya Pradesh Chief Secretary within two weeks.

The Court held an amendment IS “law” under Article 13, so Parliament could not touch Fundamental Rights at all.

Article 13(3) defines “law” broadly to include ordinances, rules, notifications, and custom or usage. A private agreement between citizens isn’t covered.

Suo motu cognisance lets NHRC take up a matter on its own initiative, without waiting for a victim or witness to file a complaint first.

Article 21A was inserted by the 86th Constitutional Amendment in 2002, making free and compulsory education a fundamental right.

IPC Section 302 (murder) is now BNS Section 103, and IPC Section 120B (criminal conspiracy) is now BNS Section 61. These remain the main charges used in honour-killing prosecutions.

No Member of Parliament introduced the Bill, so it was never enacted. India still has no dedicated central law against honour-based crimes.

Rajasthan passed its Prohibition of Interference with the Freedom of Matrimonial Alliances Act in 2019. It was the first state-level law of its kind.

The Court held that the right to choose a life partner is part of Article 21’s liberty and dignity guarantee. Interfering with that choice is unconstitutional.

Shakti Vahini v. Union of India (2018) directly addressed honour killings. The Court issued directions on prevention, protection, and fast-track trials.

The Court struck down a repeated appointment under Article 164(4), holding the six-month grace period is a one-time privilege per Assembly term, not resettable by resigning early.

Article 75(5) lets someone serve as a Union Minister for up to six months without being a member of either House. Article 88 is what makes that workable, letting them take part in debates during that window.

Article 88 does not grant a right to vote. A Minister can only vote in a House, or committee, they are actually a member of.

Article 88 gives every Minister, and the Attorney-General of India, the right to speak in, and take part in, the proceedings of either House.

The Court held these awards are not titles under Article 18, since they recognise individual merit, not nobility.

The case settled a challenge to the Bharat Ratna and Padma Awards, under Article 18.

The outer limit on any single NSA detention is twelve months, though a person can be held for three months without Advisory Board approval.

Respect for the Constitution, National Flag and Anthem (51A-a), developing scientific temper (51A-h), and protecting wildlife (51A-g) are genuine Fundamental Duties; generic “respect for the Government” is not one of them.

Article 83 (the Lok Sabha’s term) and Article 172 (a state Assembly’s term) chiefly need amendment for simultaneous elections.

Rules are detailed provisions made to implement the parent Act, one of delegated legislation’s main forms.

India currently has 8 Union Territories: Andaman and Nicobar Islands, Chandigarh, Dadra and Nagar Haveli and Daman and Diu, Delhi, Jammu and Kashmir, Ladakh, Lakshadweep, and Puducherry.