Indian Society Mixed Practice — MCQs with Answers (Set 12)

The correct answer is Over 12 million. The Indian Express puts the Gond at more than 1.2 crore, and one crore is ten million. Memory hook: 1.2 crore, 12 million.

The correct answer is Standard integration-focused welfare approaches can actively harm very small, isolated groups. The 2004 policy says no attempts should be made to bring them into the mainstream. Contact has also brought measles in 1999 and 2006. Memory hook: tiny isolated groups need protection, not forced mixing.

The correct answer is About 647. The Directorate of Health Services gives 645 for February 2025, so this is the closest option. The 2011 Census counted 380. Memory hook: 380 in 2011, about 645 in 2025.

The correct answer is Particularly Vulnerable Tribal Group (PVTG) status. The Jarawa are one of five PVTGs of the islands, with the Onge, Great Andamanese, Shompen and Sentinelese. Memory hook: five PVTGs in Andaman.

This divide has implications for internal migration, as workers move from higher-fertility states toward states with labour shortages.

Some Indian states, particularly in the south, have fertility rates already at or below replacement level, unlike many northern states.

Depopulation refers to a sustained decline in a region’s population, typically from falling fertility combined with out-migration.

The coercive sterilization drives of the Emergency period remain a widely cited cautionary example in global population-policy discussions.

The programme shifted toward a reproductive and child health approach in the 1990s, emphasizing voluntary choice and broader maternal health.

Early decades emphasized sterilization camps and numerical targets, an approach later criticized for coercion, especially during the 1975-77 Emergency.

India launched its National Family Planning Programme in 1952, the first country in the world to adopt an official population policy.

Indian feminism has engaged actively with law, from the Hindu Code Bill to more recent workplace-harassment legislation, as a central tool for change.

Dalit feminist scholars have specifically critiqued mainstream Indian feminism for underrepresenting caste-based oppression within its analysis.

Indian feminist thought has had to address caste and communal identity as central concerns, not just gender alone.

Western feminism is often described in “waves”: first-wave suffrage, second-wave workplace and reproductive rights, third-wave intersectionality.

Self-help groups typically pool small savings among members, who can then access credit without relying on informal, high-interest moneylenders.

The National Rural Livelihoods Mission supports millions of women through SHGs, linking them to banks and government schemes.

Self-help groups (SHGs) have become a major tool for women’s financial empowerment, especially through microcredit and small-savings schemes.

Kalpana Chawla became the first woman of Indian origin to travel to space, flying on two NASA Space Shuttle missions.

Kamala Sohonie became the first Indian woman to earn a doctorate in science, overcoming initial refusal from a leading research institute.

Cornelia Sorabji became the first woman to practise law in India, working especially on behalf of women barred from male legal representation.