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Modern Indian History Mixed Practice — MCQs with Answers (Set 1)

A mixed set of 25 Modern Indian History MCQs on smaller topics that have no set of their own. Each answer links to its topic Article.

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Q1. PYQ The indentured system in tea gardens of Assam was abolished in [CAPF (ACs) 2025]

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Answer: A

The indentured recruitment system for Assam’s tea gardens was formally dismantled in 1926, following the earlier repeal of the Workmen’s Breach of Contract Act, 1859.

Related topics: Tea Cultivation in India

Q2. PYQ Who among the following was the founder of ‘Sikkim Praja Mandal’? [CAPF (ACs) 2025]

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Answer: A

Kazi Lhendup Dorji Khangsarpa founded the Sikkim Praja Mandal in 1945 to fight for democracy against the Chogyal monarchy. He later became Sikkim’s first Chief Minister after the 1975 merger.

Related topics: Sikkim’s 1975 Merger: From Chogyal to India’s 22nd State

Q3. PYQ Who among the following Congressmen was not a member of the ‘No-Changers’ group? [CAPF (ACs) 2026]

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Answer: C

Vithalbhai Patel was a Pro-Changer (Swarajist), siding with C.R. Das and Motilal Nehru on council entry. His brother Vallabhbhai Patel, along with Rajagopalachari and Rajendra Prasad, was a No-Changer.

Related topics: Chittaranjan Das (Deshbandhu): The Barrister Who Founded the Swaraj Party

Q4. PYQ Consider the following fruits: 1. Papaya 2. Pineapple 3. Guava. How many of the above were introduced in India by the Portuguese in the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries? [UPSC CSP 2025]

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Answer: C

All three — papaya, pineapple, and guava — are native to the Americas. The Portuguese brought them to India via Goa in the 16th-17th centuries as part of the wider Columbian Exchange, along with chilli, potato, tobacco, and maize.

Related topics: How Different Crops Came to India: Ancient Routes, Indian Ocean Trade and the Columbian Exchange

Q5. PYQ Consider the following statements regarding the British policy in Awadh immediately after its annexation in 1856: 1. The taluqdars were dispossessed of their estates but allowed to retain their arms and forts. 2. A Summary Revenue Settlement was made in 1856 assuming that the taluqdars were outsiders. 3. The British believed in taking revenue directly from the peasants by removing the taluqdars. Which of the statements given above is/are correct? [UPSC CSP 2026, GS Paper I]

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Answer: A

Answer: 2 and 3 only

Statement 1 is the trap. The British did not let taluqdars keep their arms and forts — they actively disarmed them and demolished their fortifications as part of pacifying the newly annexed territory.

Statement 2 is correct. The 1856 Summary Revenue Settlement proceeded on the theory that taluqdars were outsiders who had usurped village proprietary rights during the late Nawabi period.

Statement 3 is correct. Consistent with that theory, the British settled revenue directly with village cultivators instead of taluqdars, cutting taluqdari-held villages sharply.

Related: ModHist0324 — Awadh After Annexation: Taluqdars and the Summary Settlement, 1856

No direct pre-exam current-affairs hook was found for this topic.

From: UPSC CSP 2026 — General Studies Paper I (Full Question Paper)

Related topics: Awadh After Annexation: Taluqdars and the Summary Settlement, 1856

Q6. PYQ Consider the following statements regarding the formation of the Forward Bloc by Subhas Chandra Bose in 1939: 1. Bose failed to win Mahatma Gandhi’s confidence after his re-election as Congress President. 2. The Congress Left was disunited, and Bose sought to bring these groups under one platform. 3. The Communists did not support Bose, seeing him as insufficiently left-wing. 4. Supporters of M.N. Roy and Jayaprakash Narayan preferred to work within a united Congress rather than split. Which of the statements given above are correct? [UPSC CSP 2026, GS Paper I]

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Answer: B

Answer: 1, 2 and 4

Statement 3 is the trap. The Communists did not desert Bose — at the 1939 Tripuri Congress session, Communist Party members actually voted against the Pant resolution that undercut Bose, standing by him longer than most other left factions before the final break.

Related: ModHist0100 — Subhas Chandra Bose and the Forward Bloc, 1939

No direct pre-exam current-affairs hook was found for this topic.

From: UPSC CSP 2026 — General Studies Paper I (Full Question Paper)

Related topics: Subhas Chandra Bose and the Forward Bloc, 1939

Q7. PYQ Which one of the following statements about the Eka Movement and Bardoli Satyagraha is correct? [UPSC CSP 2026, GS Paper I]

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Answer: C

Answer: The Bardoli Satyagraha was a campaign against the enhancement of land revenue, while the Eka Movement was a protest against excessive extraction of rents.

The two movements targeted different opponents. Bardoli (1928), led by Vallabhbhai Patel in Surat district, Gujarat, fought a 22% government-imposed hike in land revenue — a tax owed to the state.

The Eka (“Unity”) Movement (1921-22), centred in Hardoi, Bahraich, and Sitapur in Awadh, fought excessive rents charged by private landlords and thekedars (contractors), often well above the officially recorded rates. Eka was a grassroots peasant movement led by Madari Pasi, a low-caste peasant leader, and lost Congress support once it turned militant. Bardoli was largely a movement of landowning Patidar peasants, not landless labourers.

Related: ModHist0322 — The Eka Movement · ModHist0219 — Kheda Satyagraha (1918)

No direct pre-exam current-affairs hook was found for this topic.

From: UPSC CSP 2026 — General Studies Paper I (Full Question Paper)

Related topics: The Eka Movement

Q8. Ahilyabai Holkar’s father was:

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Answer: B

Her father Mankoji Shinde was a village headman in Chondi. She was not born into a ruling family.

Related topics: Ahilyabai Holkar — The Queen Who Rebuilt India’s Temples

Q9. Ahilyabai Holkar is linked with rebuilding which temple in Varanasi around 1780?

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Answer: A

Records date the present Kashi Vishwanath structure to 1780. She is credited with building it.

Related topics: Ahilyabai Holkar — The Queen Who Rebuilt India’s Temples

Q10. From which town on the Narmada did Ahilyabai Holkar run her government?

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Answer: C

Maheshwar was her working seat on the Narmada. Indore was also important to the Holkars.

Related topics: Ahilyabai Holkar — The Queen Who Rebuilt India’s Temples

Q11. Ahilyabai Holkar ruled the Holkar lands of Malwa during which years?

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Answer: B

She took charge after her son Male Rao died in 1767. She ruled until her death in 1795.

Related topics: Ahilyabai Holkar — The Queen Who Rebuilt India’s Temples

Q12. Under which policy was Jhansi annexed by Dalhousie in 1854?

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Answer: B

The Company refused to accept the adopted heir Damodar Rao and annexed Jhansi under the Doctrine of Lapse.

Related topics: Subsidiary Alliance and the Doctrine of Lapse

Q13. Which 1971 law allowed preventive detention that officials widely used against opponents during the Emergency?

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Answer: A

MISA, a 1971 preventive-detention law, was widely used during the Emergency. The Janata government later repealed it.

Related topics: The Emergency (1975-77)

Q14. Which Supreme Court judge dissented in ADM Jabalpur v. Shivkant Shukla (1976)?

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Answer: A

Justice H. R. Khanna was the lone dissenter. The 2017 Puttaswamy judgment expressly overruled the majority view.

Related topics: H.R. Khanna

Q15. In the Chauri Chaura appeal, the court reviewed 170 death sentences. How many did it confirm?

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Answer: A

A 1923 British parliamentary answer gives these figures. Malaviya argued the appeal, but the judges made the rulings.

Related topics: The Chauri Chaura Incident, 1922

Q17. Which British arsenal became the base for William Congreve’s rocket work?

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Answer: A

Congreve studied the captured Indian rockets there. He then built an improved version for the army.

Related topics: Mysorean Rockets

Q18. In which year did Srirangapatna fall and Tipu Sultan die?

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Answer: C

The British stormed the island fortress in May. The captured rockets were then shipped to Britain.

Related topics: The Anglo-Mysore Wars, 1767-1799

Q19. In which year did Mysore’s forces defeat Baillie’s column at Pollilur?

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Answer: B

The defeat came in September of that year. Rockets helped set off the British ammunition.

Related topics: Mysorean Rockets

Q20. What material made the Mysorean rocket casing stronger than older paper or bamboo tubes?

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Answer: A

A metal tube could hold far more pressure. That gave the rocket longer range and a harder punch.

Related topics: Mysorean Rockets

Q21. Which Hindu Mahasabha leader served in Haq’s 1941 Progressive Coalition ministry?

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Answer: C

He took the finance portfolio in a cabinet that cut across communal lines. It was a rare cross-party experiment.

Related topics: Syama Prasad Mookerjee

Q23. What did the Santhal Pargana Tenancy Act of 1876 formalise?

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Answer: C

The Act formalised the ban on land transfer from Santhals to non-Santhals. It still shapes land rights in the region.

Related topics: The Santhal Rebellion (Hul), 1855-56

Q24. Which new territory did the British carve out after the Santhal Uprising was crushed?

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Answer: A

The British created the Santhal Paraganas district after the revolt. It gave the Santhals more autonomy and safeguards.

Related topics: The Santhal Rebellion (Hul), 1855-56

Q25. Arrange the following events in Dadabhai Naoroji’s life in chronological order, earliest first: 1. Founding of the East India Association 2. Launch of Rast Goftar 3. Election to the House of Commons 4. Publication of “Poverty and Un-British Rule in India”

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Answer: C

Rast Goftar came first, in 1851. The East India Association followed in London in 1866. Naoroji won Central Finsbury in 1892, and his book on the drain came out in 1901. Orders that put the book before the election get the last two years wrong.

Related topics: Dadabhai Naoroji: The Grand Old Man of India

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